GENERAL APPEARANCE： The Cocker Spaniel is the smallest member of the Sporting Group. He has a sturdy, compact body and a cleanly chiseled and refined head, with the overall dog in complete balance and of ideal size. He stands well up at the shoulder on straight forelegs with a topline sloping slightly toward strong, moderately bent, muscular quarters. He is a dog capable of considerable speed, combined with great endurance. Above all, he must be free and merry, sound, well balanced throughout and in action show a keen inclination to work. A dog well balanced in all parts is more desirable than a dog with strongly contrasting good points and faults.

　　 SIZE，PROPORTION，SUBSTANCE： Size-The ideal height at the withers for an adult male is 15 inches and for an adult female, 14 inches. Height may vary one-half inch above or below this ideal. A male whose height exceeds 15-1/2 inches or a female whose height exceeds 14-1/2 inches shall be disqualified. An adult male whose height is less than 14-1/2 inches and an adult female whose height is less than 13-1/2 inches shall be penalized. Height is determined by a line perpendicular to the ground from the top of the shoulder blades, the dog standing naturally with its forelegs and lower hind legs parallel to the line of measurement. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Proportion-The measurement from the breast bone to back of thigh is slightly longer than the measurement from the highest point of withers to the ground. The body must be of sufficient length to permit a straight and free stride; the dog never appears long and low.  Head To attain a well proportioned head, which must be in balance with the rest of the dog, it embodies the following: Expression-The expression is intelligent, alert, soft and appealing. Eyes-Eyeballs are round and full and look directly forward. The shape of the eye rims gives a slightly almond shaped appearance; the eye is not weak or goggled. The color of the iris is dark brown and in general the darker the better. Ears-Lobular, long, of fine leather, well feathered, and placed no higher than a line to the lower part of the eye. Skull-Rounded but not exaggerated with no tendency toward flatness; the eyebrows are clearly defined with a pronounced stop. The bony structure beneath the eyes is well chiseled with no prominence in the cheeks. The muzzle is broad and deep, with square even jaws. To be in correct balance, the distance from the stop to the tip of the nose is one half the distance from the stop up over the crown to the base of the skull.  Nose-of sufficient size to balance the muzzle and foreface, with well developed nostrils typical of a sporting dog. It is black in color in the blacks, black and tans, and black and whites; in other colors it may be brown, liver or black, the darker the better. The color of nose harmonizes with the color of the eye rim. Lips-The upper lip is full and of sufficient depth to cover the lower jaw. Teeth-Teeth strong and sound, not too small and meet in a scissors bite

　　 Neck, Topline, Body Neck-The neck is sufficiently long to allow the nose to reach the ground easily, muscular and free from pendulous "throatiness." It rises strongly from the shoulders and arches slightly as it tapers to join the head.  Topline-sloping slightly toward muscular quarters. Body-The chest is deep, its lowest point no higher than the elbows, its front sufficiently wide for adequate heart and lung space, yet not so wide as to interfere with the straightforward movement of the forelegs. Ribs are deep and well sprung. Back is strong and sloping evenly and slightly downward from the shoulders to the set-on of the docked tail. The docked tail is set on and carried on a line with the topline of the back, or slightly higher; never straight up like a Terrier and never so low as to indicate timidity. When the dog is in motion the tail action is merry. Forequarters The shoulders are well laid back forming an angle with the upper arm of approximately 90 degrees which permits the dog to move his forelegs in an easy manner with forward reach. Shoulders are clean-cut and sloping without protrusion and so set that the upper points of the withers are at an angle which permits a wide spring of rib. When viewed from the side with the forelegs vertical, the elbow is directly below the highest point of the shoulder blade. Forelegs are parallel, straight, strongly boned and muscular and set close to the body well under the scapulae. The pasterns are short and strong. Dewclaws on forelegs may be removed. Feet compact, large, round and firm with horny pads; they turn neither in nor out. Hindquarters Hips are wide and quarters well rounded and muscular. When viewed from behind, the hind legs are parallel when in motion and at rest. The hind legs are strongly boned, and muscled with moderate angulation at the stifle and powerful, clearly defined thighs. The stifle is strong and there is no slippage of it in motion or when standing. The hocks are strong and well let down. Dewclaws on hind legs may be removed. Coat On the head, short and fine; on the body, medium length, with enough undercoating to give protection. The ears, chest, abdomen and legs are well feathered, but not so excessively as to hide the Cocker Spaniel's true lines and movement or affect his appearance and function as a moderately coated sporting dog. The texture is most important. The coat is silky, flat or slightly wavy and of a texture which permits easy care. Excessive coat or curly or cottony textured coat shall be severely penalized. Use of electric clippers on the back coat is not desirable. Trimming to enhance the dog's true lines should be done to appear as natural as possible.  

　　 Colors and Markings Black Variety- Solid color black to include black with tan points. The black should be jet; shadings of brown or liver in the coat are not desirable. A small amount of white on the chest and/or throat is allowed; white in any other location shall disqualify. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Any Solid Color Other than Black (ASCOB )- Any solid color other than black, ranging from lightest cream to darkest red, including brown and brown with tan points. The color shall be of a uniform shade, but lighter color of the feathering is permissible. A small amount of white on the chest and/or throat is allowed; white in any other location shall disqualify. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Parti-Color Variety- Two or more solid, well broken colors, one of which must be white; black and white, red and white ( the red may range from lightest cream to darkest red), brown and white, and roans, to include any such color combination with tan points. It is preferable that the tan markings be located in the same pattern as for the tan points in the Black and ASCOB varieties. Roans are classified as parti-colors and may be of any of the usual roaning patterns. Primary color which is ninety percent (90%) or more shall disqualify. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tan Points-The color of the tan may be from the lightest cream to the darkest red and is restricted to ten percent (10%) or less of the color of the specimen; tan markings in excess of that amount shall disqualify. In the case of tan points in the Black or ASCOB variety, the markings shall be located as follows: 1) A clear tan spot over each eye; 2) On the sides of the muzzle and on the cheeks; 3) On the underside of the ears; 4) On all feet and/or legs; 5) Under the tail; 6) On the chest, optional; presence or absence shall not be penalized. Tan markings which are not readily visible or which amount only to traces, shall be penalized. Tan on the muzzle which extends upward, over and joins shall also be penalized. The absence of tan markings in the Black or ASCOB variety in any of the specified locations in any otherwise tan-pointed dog shall disqualify.   

　　 Gait Photo: Cathy Carey The Cocker Spaniel, though the smallest of the sporting dogs, possesses a typical sporting dog gait. Prerequisite to good movement is balance between the front and rear assemblies. He drives with strong, powerful rear quarters and is properly constructed in the shoulders and forelegs so that he can reach forward without constriction in a full stride to counterbalance the driving force from the rear. Above all, his gait is coordinated, smooth and effortless. The dog must cover ground with his action; excessive animation should not be mistaken for proper gait.  

　　 Temperament Equable in temperament with no suggestion of timidity.

　　 Disqualifications Height-Males over 15-1/2 inches; females over 14-1/2 inches. Color and Markings-The aforementioned colors are the only acceptable colors or combination of colors. Any other colors or combination of colors to disqualify. Black Variety-White markings except on chest and throat. Any Solid Color Other Than Black Variety-White markings except on chest and throat. Parti-color Variety-Primary color ninety percent (90%) or more. Tan Points(1) Tan markings in excess of ten percent (10%); (2) Absence of tan markings in Black or ASCOB Variety in any of the specified locations in an otherwise tan pointed dog.

　　 希望对喜欢这个犬种的朋友有所帮助.

　　 [头部] 达到最佳比例的头部，必须与其它部位保持平衡，具体表现如下：表情：表情显得聪明、警惕、温和、且吸引人。眼睛：眼球圆而丰满，直接注视前方。眼睑的形状略呈杏仁状；眼睛既不显得虚弱，也不是瞪着。眼睛的颜色是深褐色，而且一般情况是越深越好。耳朵：叶片状，长，耳廓精美，有大量羽状饰毛，位置不应该高于眼睛较低部分的水平线。脑袋：圆，但不夸张，也不趋向平板状；眉毛整洁而清晰，止部非常明显。眼睛下方的骨骼轮廓分明，但面颊不突出。口吻宽而深，颌部四方，且平。在比例正确的情况下，从止部到鼻尖的距离等于从止部越过头顶到脑袋基部距离的一半。鼻镜：有足够的尺寸，与口吻及前脸相称，鼻孔发达，典型的运动犬特征。黑色、黑色和棕色、黑色和白色狗的鼻镜为黑色；其他颜色狗的鼻镜可能是褐色、肝色或黑色，颜色越深越好。鼻镜的颜色与眼圈的颜色一致。嘴唇：上唇丰满，且有足够的深度，覆盖下颌。牙齿：牙齿结实而健康，不能太小，剪状咬和。 [前躯] 肩胛向后倾斜，与上臂骨形成大约90度的角度，使他向前伸展前肢的时候，可以轻松地移动前臂。肩胛轮廓鲜明，倾斜但不突出，所以马肩隆上端的位置呈一定的角度，允许肋骨宽且撑起。从侧面观察时，前肢垂直，肘部直接位于肩胛骨最高点的正下方。前肢彼此平行、直、骨骼和肌肉强健，位置贴近身躯，且位于肩胛骨下方。胶骨短而结实。前肢的狼爪可以切除。足爪紧凑、大、圆而稳固，角质的脚垫；既不向内弯，也不向外翻。 [后躯] 臀部宽，后体圆且肌肉发达。从后面观察时，不论是运动中还是休息时，后腿彼此平行。后腿的骨骼和肌肉强健，膝关节角度适中，大腿有力、整洁清晰。站立时或运动中，膝关节结实，没有滑动。飞节结实，且位置低。后肢狼爪可以切除。 [步态] 可卡猎鹬犬虽然是最小的运动犬，但却拥有典型的运动犬的步态。良好的步态，首先需要前躯和后躯的协调。驱动力来自结实、有力的后躯，而肩胛和前肢的构造恰当，使他能向前伸展，而不用收缩步幅来平衡后躯产生的强大推动力。首先，他的步态是整齐的，平顺而轻松。他的动作必须有足够步幅；如果步态正确，过分活泼不算缺陷。 [被毛] <头部，短而纤细；身躯上，长度适中，有足够的底毛提供保护。耳朵、胸部、腹部、及腿部，有大量羽状饰毛，但不能太夸张，而隐藏了可卡猎鹬犬真实的线条和动作，或影响他作为一个中等被毛的运动犬的外貌和功能。被毛质地非常重要。被毛是丝状、平坦或略微呈波浪状，其质地使被毛很容易打理。过多的被毛、卷曲的被毛或棉花质地的被毛都属于严重缺陷。用电剪刨除背部的被毛是不合要求的。修剪被毛，强调他的真实线条，操作必须妥当，尽可能使他显得自然。 [颜色] 黑色：纯黑色，包括黑色带有棕色点。黑颜色要呈墨黑。被毛上有褐色或肝色阴影则不理想。胸部和喉咙有少量白色是允许的，白色出现在其他位置则属于失格。 除了黑色以外的其他任何纯色（ASCOB）：颜色从浅奶酪色到暗红色，包括褐色及黑色带有棕色点。颜色要求深浅一致，羽状饰毛颜色浅一些是允许的。胸部和喉咙有少量白色是允许的，白色出现在其他位置则属于失格。 杂色：两种或多种纯色，颜色边界清晰，其中一种必须是白色；黑色和白色，红色和白色（红色可以从浅奶酪色到暗红色），褐色和白色，或者花斑色，包括这些颜色带有棕色点。棕色斑纹的位置与样式与黑色及ASCOB相同比较可取。通常的花斑色，不论是哪种花斑色，分类都属于杂色。主要颜色占90%或更多属于失格。 棕色点：棕色的颜色范围从浅奶酪色到暗红色，范围限制在10%之内，或更少；棕色斑纹过多属于失格。在黑色或ASCOB中，棕色斑纹应该出现在下列位置： 1）两眼上方有整洁的棕色斑点； 2）在口吻两侧和面颊； 3）耳朵下面； 4）所有的足爪和/或腿部； 5）尾巴下方； 6）胸部，可选；多余或缺乏都属于缺陷。 棕色斑纹不是很容易被发现或只有一点痕迹，属于缺陷。口吻部的棕色斑纹过分向上延伸，超过口吻顶部并结合在一起也属于缺陷。黑色或ASCOB在指定位置缺乏棕色斑纹，而在其他地方有棕色点的狗属于失格。 体型] 尺寸：成熟雄性的理想理想肩高为15英寸；成熟雌性的理想肩高为14英寸。误差不应该超过0.5英寸。雄性肩高超过15.5英寸；雌性肩高超过14.5英寸属于失格。成年雄性肩高不足14.5英寸；成年雌性肩高不足13.5英寸属于缺陷。肩高是指以自然状态站立时（前肢和后肢下半部分垂直于地面），肩胛骨上端到地面的垂直距离。比例：从胸骨到大腿后的水平距离略大于从马肩隆最高点到地面的垂直距离。身躯必须有足够的长度，允许步伐直而舒展；他不能显得太长、太矮。 [颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：颈部有充分的长度，允许鼻子能轻松地伸到地面，肌肉发达，没有下垂的“赘肉”。从肩部有力地升起，略微圆拱，逐渐变细，与头部衔接。背线：略微向肌肉发达的后肢倾斜。身躯：胸部深，最低处不会高过肘部，前面十分宽阔，为心脏和肺部提供了足够的空间，但不能太宽，而干涉到前肢直接的动作。肋骨深且支撑良好。背部结实，且均匀地倾斜（略微向下），从肩胛向剪短的尾巴所在的位置倾斜。断尾，尾巴的位置（及姿势）在背线的延长线上，或略高，但决不能象梗类犬那样向上翘，也不能夹在腿中间，显得胆怯。当他行走时，尾巴的动作显得欢快。

　　 你是长篇大论第二人，呵呵，顶起来！！！！

　　 UPUP

　　 晕了看不明白

　　 伸着手  摸不到  55

　　 收藏了慢慢看...

　　 嘻嘻,学无止尽啊~英卡的呢?

　　 和黑机一样喜欢长篇大论啊,看的我头晕呵呵

　　 顶啊

　　 罪过罪过，这个帖子我居然没看见，还让我帮忙对照呢 惭愧一下，帮你顶上去……

　　 好帖子，学习了~~~

　　 [简介] 英国可卡犬是一种活泼、欢快的运动犬，马肩隆为身躯最高点，结构紧凑。他的性格活泼；他的步态强有力，且没有阻力；有能力轻松地完成搜索任务，及用尖锐的叫声惊飞鸟类，并执行寻回任务。他非常热衷于在野外工作，不断摆动的尾巴显示出在狩猎过程中，他有多么享受，这正好符合培养这个品种的目的。他的头部非常特殊。首先，他必须是一条非常匀称的狗，不论在站立时还是在运动中，没有任何一个部位显得夸张，整体的协调性比这些部位的总和更重要。 [体型] 尺寸：肩高：雄性为16~17英寸；雌性为15~16英寸。背离这一范围属于缺陷。最理想的体重：雄性约为28~34磅；雌性约为26~32磅。正确的结构和体质比纯粹的体重更为重要。 比例：紧凑的结构和较短的接合，肩高略微大于从马肩隆到尾根处的距离。体质：英国可卡犬是一种结构稳固的狗，拥有尽可能多的骨量和体质，但不会显得土气或粗糙。 [头部] 整体外观：结实，但决不粗糙，轮廓柔和，没有尖锐的棱角。整体给人的感觉是，所有部位所组成的表情与其他品种相比显得与众不同。 表情：温和，甜蜜，但威严，警惕而且聪明。 眼睛：眼睛是理想表情的根本。中等大小，丰满而略呈卵形；分开的距离宽阔；眼睑紧。瞬膜不显眼；有色素沉积或没有色素沉积。除了肝色和带肝色的杂色狗允许有榛色眼睛（较深的榛色更好）外，其他颜色狗的眼睛颜色为深褐色。 耳朵：位置低，贴着头部悬挂；耳廓细腻，能延伸到鼻尖，覆盖着长、丝质、直或略微呈波浪状的毛发。脑袋：圆拱而略显平坦，分别从侧面和正面观察。观察其轮廓，眉毛并没有高出后脑多少。从上面观察，脑袋两侧的平面与口吻两侧的平面大致平行。止部清晰，但适中，且略有凹槽。口吻：与脑袋长度一致；适度丰满；只比脑袋稍微窄一点，宽度在眼睛所在的位置达成一致；眼睛下方轮廓整洁。颌部结实，有能力运送猎物。鼻孔开阔，且嗅觉相当发达；鼻镜颜色为黑色，除了肝色或带肝色的杂色狗的鼻镜可以是褐色；红色或带红色的杂色狗的鼻镜颜色可以是褐色，但黑色是首选。嘴唇呈四方形，但不下垂，也没有夸张的上唇。牙齿：剪状咬和。钳状咬和也可以接受，但不理想。上颚突出式咬和或下颚突出式咬和属于严重缺陷。 [颈部、背线、身躯] 颈部：优美，且肌肉发达，向头部方向显得圆拱，与头部接合整洁，没有赘肉，并融入倾斜的肩胛；长度适中，且与狗的高度及长度平衡。背线：颈部与肩胛接合处到背线呈平滑的曲线。背线非常轻微地向圆圆的臀部倾斜，没有下陷或褶皱。身躯：紧凑且接合紧密，给人的印象是非常有力，但不沉重。胸部深；没有宽到影响前肢动作的程度，也不是太窄，而显得前躯太窄或缩在一起。前胸非常发达，胸骨突出，略微超过肩胛与上臂的结合关节。胸部深度达到肘部，并向后逐渐向上倾斜，适度上提。肋骨支撑良好，并逐渐向身躯中间撑起，后端略细，有足够的深度，并充分向后扩展。背部短而结实。腰部短、宽且非常轻微地圆拱，但不足以影响背线。臀部非常圆，没有任何陡峭的迹象。尾巴：断尾。位置位于臀部，理想状态下，尾巴保持水平，而且在他运动时，动作坚定。在兴奋时，尾巴可能举的高一些，但决不能向上竖起。 [前躯] 英国可卡犬略有棱角。肩胛倾斜，肩胛骨平坦而平稳。肩胛骨与上臂骨程度大致相等，上臂骨位置*后，与肩胛骨之间的连接，有足够的角度，使他在自然状态站立时，肘部正好位于肩胛骨顶端的正下方。 前肢：直，从肘部到胶骨的骨骼几乎完全是同样的尺寸；肘部的位置贴近身躯；胶骨几乎是笔直的，略有弹性。足爪：与腿部比例恰当，稳固，圆形的猫足；脚趾圆拱，紧凑；脚垫厚实。 [后躯] <角度适中，与前躯的平衡是非常重要的。臀部相当宽，且圆。第一节大腿宽，粗且肌肉发达，能提供强大的驱动力。第二节大腿肌肉发达，且长度与第一节大腿的长度大致相等。膝关节结实且适度弯曲。从飞节到脚垫的距离短。足爪与前躯相同。 [被毛] 头部的毛发短而纤细；身体上的毛发长度适中；平坦或带有轻微的波浪状；质地为丝质。英国可卡犬有许多羽状饰毛，但不会多到影响他在野外工作。修剪是允许的，去处多余的毛发并强调他的自然线条。但必须修剪地尽可能接近自然形态。 [颜色] 有很多种。杂色可以是整洁的斑纹、斑点或花斑色，白色为主，结合了黑色、肝色或不同深浅的红色。在杂色中，最可取的是身上有纯色斑块，或多或少，均匀分布；身躯上没有斑块也可以接受。纯色是黑色、肝色或不同深浅的红色。纯色带有白色足爪属于缺陷；喉咙带有少量白色是允许的；但这些白色斑块决不能使他看起来象杂色。棕色斑纹，清晰整洁，不同深浅，可以与黑色、肝色、及杂色结合在一起。黑色和棕色、肝色和棕色也被归为纯色。 [步态] 英国可卡犬是能够在浓密的灌木丛中和丘陵地带狩猎的猎犬。所以他的步态特点更多的表现在强大的驱动力方面，而且速度非常快。当他在角度适当的情况下，可以很轻松地覆盖地面，并延伸到前面和后面。在比赛场中，他骄傲地昂起他的头，并且，在站立等待检查时和行走中，背线都能保持一致。过来或离去时，行走路线笔直，没有横行或摇摆，当结构和步态都恰当的前提下，前腿和后腿间都保持相当宽的距离。 [气质] 英国可卡犬是欢快而挚爱的狗、性格平静，既不慢吞吞的，也不过度亢奋，一个乐于工作，可靠而迷人的伴侣。

　　 ls上的是你自己翻译的么??

　　 看啊